Amnesty Warns of Shrinking Civic Space and Political Freedom in Bangladesh

Amnesty International has expressed serious concerns about the state of human rights and democratic freedoms in Bangladesh under the interim government in 2025. In its latest annual report, the global human rights organization stated that freedom of expression, peaceful assembly, and political participation were significantly restricted throughout the year.

The report highlighted that journalists, writers, activists, bloggers, poets, and human rights defenders faced intimidation, harassment, arbitrary detention, and threats for criticizing authorities or expressing dissenting opinions. Amnesty International claimed that several incidents reflected a growing climate of fear where individuals were discouraged from speaking openly about political and social issues.

According to the report, media freedom remained under pressure as journalists and editors allegedly faced attacks, surveillance, and legal action. Independent voices and critics of the government were reportedly targeted both online and offline. Amnesty also pointed to incidents of violence against demonstrators and political activists, saying authorities failed to adequately protect the rights of citizens to protest peacefully.

The organization criticized the continued use of laws related to cyber security and digital communication, arguing that such legislation had been used to silence activists, opposition supporters, and critics. Although the previous Cyber Security Act was replaced with a new ordinance, Amnesty claimed that concerns regarding censorship and misuse of legal powers continued.

The report also mentioned the political developments surrounding the ban imposed on the Awami League under anti-terrorism provisions, raising questions about political pluralism and democratic participation in the country. Amnesty warned that restricting opposition activities and limiting open political debate could weaken democratic institutions and public trust.

Human rights defenders reportedly continued to face obstacles while documenting abuses and advocating for justice. Amnesty International said many activists operated under constant pressure due to fear of arrest, violence, or legal consequences. The organization urged authorities to ensure accountability, protect civil liberties, and create a safer environment for free expression and independent journalism.

The report concluded that despite expectations of reform following the political transition after the 2024 unrest, major concerns surrounding freedom of speech, political rights, and civic space remained unresolved in Bangladesh throughout 2025. Amnesty International called on the government to respect international human rights standards and guarantee the protection of fundamental freedoms for all citizens.